Abubakar Abubakar

Recommended book of the weekend: 🍃 ☕ ➡️ "BIOHACK" By J.D Lasica   🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁

“𝓘 𝓭𝓸𝓷’𝓽 𝓯𝓲𝓷𝓭 𝓲𝓽 𝓯𝓻𝓾𝓲𝓽𝓯𝓾𝓵 𝓽𝓸 𝓽𝓻𝔂 𝓽𝓸 𝓬𝓸𝓷𝓿𝓲𝓷𝓬𝓮 𝓼𝓸𝓶𝓮𝓸𝓷𝓮 𝓽𝓸 𝓬𝓪𝓻𝓮 𝓪𝓫𝓸𝓾𝓽 𝔀𝓱𝓪𝓽 𝓘 𝓬𝓪𝓻𝓮 𝓪𝓫𝓸𝓾𝓽.” - Dr. Cassandra Extavour 🧬 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) are closely related molecular techniques used to amplify & analyze nucleic acids. They are fundamental tools in genetics, diagnostics, forensic science, & biomedical research. While they share the core principle of nucleic acid amplification, each technique differs in purpose, input material, & level of quantification.       🔹 The basic principle of PCR is the exponential amplification of a specific DNA segment using repeated thermal cycling. It involves three main steps: denaturation, where double-stranded DNA is separated; annealing, where primers bind to complementary sequences; & extension, where a DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands. Through repeated cycles, a si...

Recommended book of the weekend: 🍃 ☕ ➡️ "CLOUD ATLAS" By David Mitchell    🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁

“𝓢𝓬𝓲𝓮𝓷𝓬𝓮 𝓲𝓼 𝓪 𝔀𝓪𝔂 𝓸𝓯 𝓽𝓱𝓲𝓷𝓴𝓲𝓷𝓰 𝓶𝓾𝓬𝓱 𝓶𝓸𝓻𝓮 𝓽𝓱𝓪𝓷 𝓲𝓽 𝓲𝓼 𝓪 𝓫𝓸𝓭𝔂 𝓸𝓯 𝓴𝓷𝓸𝔀𝓵𝓮𝓭𝓰𝓮.” 𝓓𝓻. Anne McLaren 🧬 Human gene variation databases are foundational to modern genomics, transforming raw sequencing data into actionable biological and clinical insight. As genomic technologies scale, these resources enable consistent interpretation of genetic diversity across populations, diseases, and evolutionary contexts.           🔹 At the core is dbSNP, a comprehensive catalogue of single nucleotide polymorphisms and small insertions/deletions curated by NCBI. By assigning standardized rsIDs, dbSNP ensures global consistency in variant reporting, supporting reproducibility across studies in population and disease genetics.          🔹 The 1000 Genomes Project provides a global reference of human genetic variation across diverse ancestries. It remains essential for understanding population st...

Recommended book of the weekend: 🍃 ☕ ➡️ "VIEW FROM THE EAST WING" By Dr. Jill Biden   🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁

“𝓜𝓸𝓿𝓲𝓷𝓰 𝓯𝓸𝓻𝔀𝓪𝓻𝓭, 𝔀𝓮 𝓫𝓮𝓵𝓲𝓮𝓿𝓮 𝓡𝓝𝓐‑𝓼𝓮𝓺 𝓬𝓸𝓾𝓵𝓭 𝓫𝓮 𝓾𝓼𝓮𝓯𝓾𝓵 𝓯𝓸𝓻 𝓽𝓱𝓮 𝓰𝓮𝓷𝓮𝓽𝓲𝓬 𝓭𝓲𝓪𝓰𝓷𝓸𝓼𝓲𝓼 𝓸𝓯 𝓪 𝓫𝓻𝓸𝓪𝓭𝓮𝓻 𝓬𝓵𝓪𝓼𝓼 𝓸𝓯 𝓻𝓪𝓻𝓮 𝓭𝓲𝓼𝓮𝓪𝓼𝓮𝓼 𝓪𝓷𝓭 𝓯𝓸𝓻 𝓽𝓱𝓮 𝓲𝓭𝓮𝓷𝓽𝓲𝓯𝓲𝓬𝓪𝓽𝓲𝓸𝓷 𝓸𝓯 𝓷𝓸𝓿𝓮𝓵 𝓭𝓲𝓼𝓮𝓪𝓼𝓮 𝓰𝓮𝓷𝓮𝓼…” - Beryl Cummings 🧬 Gene expression profiling is a fundament of molecular biology, enabling simultaneous measurement of thousands of genes to uncover cellular mechanisms in development, disease, and therapy response. Two primary methods dominate: microarrays and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). Both yield critical insights but differ in methodology, sensitivity, and applications.          🔹 An early high-throughput approach, microarrays use DNA probes on chips to detect labeled cDNA derived from RNA samples. Fluorescence intensity indicates gene activity. Microarrays excel in comparative studies with known gene sets and large cohorts but are limited by probe d...