Abubakar Abubakar

"𝓒𝓸𝓻𝓻𝓮𝓬𝓽 𝓬𝓸𝓭𝓸𝓷 𝓻𝓮𝓬𝓸𝓰𝓷𝓲𝓽𝓲𝓸𝓷 𝓫𝔂 𝓽𝓱𝓮 𝓽𝓡𝓝𝓐 𝓪𝓷𝓽𝓲𝓬𝓸𝓭𝓸𝓷 𝓲𝓼 𝓮𝓼𝓼𝓮𝓷𝓽𝓲𝓪𝓵 𝓯𝓸𝓻 𝓽𝓱𝓮 𝓪𝓬𝓬𝓾𝓻𝓪𝓬𝔂 𝓸𝓯 𝓹𝓻𝓸𝓽𝓮𝓲𝓷 𝓼𝔂𝓷𝓽𝓱𝓮𝓼𝓲𝓼." - Prof. Marina V. Rodnina 🧬 Every protein in our body (from enzymes and hormones to antibodies) begins with a remarkable molecular conversation between codons and anticodons.        🔹 A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides on messenger RNA (mRNA). Each codon specifies a particular amino acid or a translation stop signal. For example, AUG encodes methionine and serves as the universal start codon, initiating protein synthesis.        🔹 An anticodon is a complementary three-nucleotide sequence on transfer RNA (tRNA). Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid, and its anticodon recognizes the matching mRNA codon, ensuring the correct amino acid is incorporated into the growing polypeptide chain.        🔹 Inside the ribosome, codons on mRNA ar...

Recommended book of the weekend: 🍃 ☕ ➡️ "BIOHACK" By J.D Lasica   🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁

“𝓘 𝓭𝓸𝓷’𝓽 𝓯𝓲𝓷𝓭 𝓲𝓽 𝓯𝓻𝓾𝓲𝓽𝓯𝓾𝓵 𝓽𝓸 𝓽𝓻𝔂 𝓽𝓸 𝓬𝓸𝓷𝓿𝓲𝓷𝓬𝓮 𝓼𝓸𝓶𝓮𝓸𝓷𝓮 𝓽𝓸 𝓬𝓪𝓻𝓮 𝓪𝓫𝓸𝓾𝓽 𝔀𝓱𝓪𝓽 𝓘 𝓬𝓪𝓻𝓮 𝓪𝓫𝓸𝓾𝓽.” - Dr. Cassandra Extavour 🧬 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) are closely related molecular techniques used to amplify & analyze nucleic acids. They are fundamental tools in genetics, diagnostics, forensic science, & biomedical research. While they share the core principle of nucleic acid amplification, each technique differs in purpose, input material, & level of quantification.       🔹 The basic principle of PCR is the exponential amplification of a specific DNA segment using repeated thermal cycling. It involves three main steps: denaturation, where double-stranded DNA is separated; annealing, where primers bind to complementary sequences; & extension, where a DNA polymerase synthesizes new strands. Through repeated cycles, a si...

Recommended book of the weekend: 🍃 ☕ ➡️ "CLOUD ATLAS" By David Mitchell    🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁🍁

“𝓢𝓬𝓲𝓮𝓷𝓬𝓮 𝓲𝓼 𝓪 𝔀𝓪𝔂 𝓸𝓯 𝓽𝓱𝓲𝓷𝓴𝓲𝓷𝓰 𝓶𝓾𝓬𝓱 𝓶𝓸𝓻𝓮 𝓽𝓱𝓪𝓷 𝓲𝓽 𝓲𝓼 𝓪 𝓫𝓸𝓭𝔂 𝓸𝓯 𝓴𝓷𝓸𝔀𝓵𝓮𝓭𝓰𝓮.” 𝓓𝓻. Anne McLaren 🧬 Human gene variation databases are foundational to modern genomics, transforming raw sequencing data into actionable biological and clinical insight. As genomic technologies scale, these resources enable consistent interpretation of genetic diversity across populations, diseases, and evolutionary contexts.           🔹 At the core is dbSNP, a comprehensive catalogue of single nucleotide polymorphisms and small insertions/deletions curated by NCBI. By assigning standardized rsIDs, dbSNP ensures global consistency in variant reporting, supporting reproducibility across studies in population and disease genetics.          🔹 The 1000 Genomes Project provides a global reference of human genetic variation across diverse ancestries. It remains essential for understanding population st...